मसँग काठमाडौंमा ५ रोपनी जग्गा भए…..

सानो सानो टुक्रा गरेर, आनाको करोड करोडमा बेच्दिनथें, खुला मैदान बनाएर घण्टाको ५० र १०० पार्किङ शुल्क लिएर राख्दिनथें, कसैलाई सर्लक्क लिजमा दिएर, दस वर्षको भाडा उठाउँदिनथें । त्यसो भए तपाईंहरूले सोचिरहनु भएको होला, के गर्थे होला भनेर? आफैँ घर बनाएर बस्थे, ठूलो कम्पाउन्डले घेरेर? अहँ, त्यो पनि होइन।

म त ठूलो चौर बनाउँथें – नेपाली दुबोको, त्यसमा साना साना बगैँचा पनि थप्थे, रंगीबिरंगी – आफ्नै शहरको प्रजातिको बोटहरूका। अनि उफ्रने, खेल्ने, शान्तमा चराहरूको आवाज सुन्ने, भारी बिसाउने, एक छिन सुस्ताउने र प्रकृति र समाजसँग अझ नजिक भई नियाल्ने वातावरण बनाउँथें। म, एउटा आर्किटेक्ट, त्यसमा मेरो मास्टर्सको पढाइ चाहिँ ल्यान्डस्केप आर्किटेक्चर। त्यसमा पनि मेरो फोकस भन्नुपर्दा काठमाडौं र काठमाडौंजस्तै अरू शहरका लागि खुला ठाउँ व्यवस्थापनको लागि फ्रेमवर्क बनाउने। पढाइ नै त्यसै सम्बन्धी गर्न मन लाग्यो, दिनदिनै आफ्नो शहरको रूप कुरूप भैरहेको देख्दा। सानो छँदा खेलेका, दौडेका, कति धेरै सम्झनाहरू बनाएका ठाउँहरूमा आजभोलि बच्चाहरू खेल्दैनन्। त्यहाँ त केवल जग्गा सम्याउनका लागि डोजर चल्छन्, ढलान गर्नका लागि क्रसरहरू चल्छन्, एक इन्च जग्गा एता उता होला भनेर दाजुभाइहरूका तिखा तिखा शब्दहरू चल्छन्।

यस्तो पौउको भौउमा बिक्ने जग्गामा कसले खुला ठाउँ राख्ला र! अनि मैले यस्तै कुरा गर्दा सबै जनाले मलाई पागल भन्छन्। र मैले म भएको भए त यस्तै गर्थें भने भने, “तेरो छैन र त भन्छस् नि” भन्छन्। अचम्मको कुरा त के छ भने, यो तितो हुँदै गैरहेको समाज, यो एक अर्काप्रति नकारात्मक सोच, सधैं हुने इरिटेसन, यो सबै नै हामी कहाँ शहरी हरियाली नहुनु र दिनदिनै बढ्दो प्रदूषणको नतिजा हुन सक्छ। यही ठाउँमा त अनुसन्धान गरिएको छैन, तर विश्वका शहरहरूमा भएको अनुसन्धानमा यस्तो कुरा प्रमाणित भैसकेको छ।

बच्चाहरू स्वतन्त्रसँग आफ्नो घर वरिपरि आफ्नो उमेरको हिसाबले कति परसम्म जाने, यस्ता कुराहरू पनि विश्वमा अनुसन्धान भैसकेका छन्। आजकल त पन्ध्र मिनेटको शहर भनेर निकै चर्चामा पनि आएको छ। यो भनेको चाहिँ सबै दिनदिनैलाई चाहिने आवश्यक कामकाजका ठाउँहरू मात्र १५ मिनेटको दुरीमा। विश्वका शहरहरू निकै ठूला छन्, त्यहाँ हिँडेर अथवा साइकलमा धेरै टाढासम्म पुग्न सकिन्न। पहिला शहरको योजना बनाउँदा, धेरै नै ठूला सडक, गाडीमा मात्र ध्यान दिएको पाइन्छ। यस्ता ठाउँहरूमा आजकल यस्तो पन्ध्र मिनेटका शहर र बस्तीका कल्पना गर्न थालिएका छन्। तर हाम्रो काठमाडौं शहर, जुन पहिले पैदलमैत्री थियो, अहिले बाटोमा हिँड्नै नसकिने भएको छ। यति सानो, चिटिक्क परेर मिलेको शहर, मानिस र साना साना बच्चाहरूलाई मनपर्ने खालका बाटाघाटा, सानो सानो चोक र गल्लीहरू, जहाँ मानिसका भावनाहरू साटिन्छन्, कल्पनाहरू फुर्छन् र जहाँ साना साना नानीबाबु खेल्दै, लड्दै, पढ्दै रमाउँदै र धेरै कुरा सिक्दै डुल्न सक्छन्, यस्तो शहरलाई मासेर कहिले सम्म हामी पश्चिममा फेल भैसकेको अवधारणामा हाम्रो शहरी योजना बनाउने? अब पनि नसिक्ने?

ठूला ठूला अनुसन्धान संस्थाहरूले करोडौं खर्च गरेर अध्ययन गरिरहेका शहरका अवधारणा त हामीकहाँ अहिले यसै छ। त्यसलाई मासेर हामीचाहिँ उनीहरूले फालिसकेको मुकुन्डो लगाएर बस्ने? हाम्रो शहर विकासका योजना बनाउने, मन्त्रालय, स्थानीय निकाय र सबैभन्दा धेरै प्रभाव पार्न सक्ने हाम्रो शहरका प्रतिनिधि मेयरहरूलाई मेरो प्रश्न र सुझाव पनि – अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय स्तरको अनुसन्धान र अध्ययन गरौं, समाधान र विकल्पचाहिँ हाम्रो स्थानीय सन्दर्भसँग मिल्ने बनाऔं। मात्र यत्ति गरिदिए पुग्छ।

नीति ढाँचाहरू त बन्दै गर्छन्, र त्यसलाई अपनाउँदै जाने हो। तर सर्वप्रथम के गरेर शहर राम्रो बनाउने भन्दा पनि के चाहिँ गर्दै नगर्नेमा हामी ध्यान दिऔं। यसमा तपाईंहरूलाई थुप्रै किसिमका विज्ञहरूको आवश्यकता पर्छ। एक्टिभिजमले हामीलाई चेतना त दिन्छ, तर दिगो विकासका लागि विज्ञहरूको सल्लाहबाट आफ्नो कार्यहरूलाई सकारात्मक र सफल बनाउनुहोस्। सही विज्ञहरूको पहिचान गर्नुहोस्। र स्थानीय बासिन्दाहरूको कुरा सुन्न र समावेश गर्न नछुटाउनुहोस्। र सबैभन्दा महत्त्वपूर्ण, सबैभन्दा कमजोर र सीमांतकृत जनसंख्याका लागि योजना बनाउनुहोस्। बलियाबाङ्गाले त आफ्नो जोहो गरिहाल्छन्, ती निर्बलका लागि शहर बनाउनुहोस्, समावेशी हुनुहोस्। वास्तवमा उनीहरु कमजोर होइनन्, हाम्रो शहर उनीहरुको लागि असक्षम हो – सफल शहरमा सबैले आफ्नो स्थान पाउनुपर्छ।

शहरमा खुला ठाउँ र हरियालीलाई प्राथमिकता दिनुहोस्। यस्ता हरियालीका ठाउँहरूमा हाम्रा नेपाली बोटबिरुवालाई प्राथमिकता दिनुहोस्। र यस्ता ठाउँहरू बालमैत्री, बच्चाहरूसँगै मिलेर योजना बनाउनुहोस्। यस्ता खुला ठाउँहरू राम्रोसँग योजना गरेर बनाउन सकियो भने यसले हाम्रो शहरको सामाजिक र सांस्कृतिक लाभ, यहाँ बस्नेहरूको शारीरिक र मानसिक स्वास्थ्य लाभ, यहाँको वातावरणमा सुधार हुने प्रभाव साथै यहाँको आर्थिक लाभमा समेत टेवा पुर्‍याउँछ। सुनेको छु, हाम्रो शहरमा थुप्रै सार्वजनिक खुला ठाउँहरू मासिएका, मिचिएका छन्। कति रोपनी जग्गा त पत्ता पनि लागिसक्यो रे। यस्ता जग्गाहरूलाई फेरि पहिचान गरी यस्ता ठाउँहरूमा हरियाली प्रवर्द्धनका कामहरू गरौं। फेरि हाम्रा बालबालिका उफ्रिने, दौडिने, लड्ने र लडेर फेरि उठ्ने ठाउँहरू बनाऔं। यी साँचै नै आधारभूत आवश्यकताहरू हुन्। र यो गर्नुका फाइदा पनि छन् शहरी विकासका लागि। यसरी हुर्केका बालबालिकामा आफ्नो ठाउँसँगको आत्मीयताको विकास हुनेछ र आफ्नो ठाउँको हेरचाह गर्ने जिम्मेवारीको चेतना पनि। उनीहरू सधैं शहरका सबैका लागि वातावरण राम्रो बनाउन काम गर्नेछन्।

It’s Time for Communities to thrive!

‘If there was a big green space in my neighbourhood, if I had a place to go during this pandemic, I would quietly go there and sit. I would sit for hours and contemplate. I would lay down in the grass and hear the birds sing. I could stay alone because the nature would give me company. I could walk my dog in those lanes where there is enough space for all of us. Those big buildings and no open spaces in the city have confined us all inside these concrete walls. An overcrowded city is always vulnerable. This is more relevant now that this pandemic requires more space per person for everybody to be safe. During the 2015 earthquake, the situation was different. People came out and stayed together and faced the disaster together. Everybody wanted to be with one another because that gave them hope and relief. In this case, this is not possible because, social distancing is the main criteria for safety. I cannot not even imagine if both of these crises came together. How could we have even managed to cope with it.’

I have always been the type of person who thinks communities have the capability to strengthen, transform and be self-reliant in all aspects of life. Communities when work together can bring about giant leap in their existing condition. Should we always follow the global trend and mould our lives into identical identities or should be also shape our individuality?

This is a perfect time to reminiscence on evolution and life. The basic concept of food, shelter and clothing has been transformed to a level that this asset has been taken for granted. The online world has a huge role to play in this. Making technology available to use for the cause that are not for a progressive future is making our society fake day by day. Before when we did something we never thought if people are seeing us or if people are taking about my daily life. Now with the use of social media, people know about your daily life.

I see in social media, people flaunting their houses with large open spaces. They say that they have taken all the safety measures to stop the virus from entering their houses and closed their gates so that nobody can come close. This is a good practice. Of course, the idea is social distancing, no way anyone could invite over guests to their houses in such a crisis. But do they even consider letting a homeless enter their compound and at least shelter in the huge open ground they have. That is why public open spaces are even more vital at this moment. Those who have a lot of private land are closing everything and taking advantage of the privilege they have. Don’t flaunt your privilege in social media. Try to be compassionate and try to see the misery around you.

But there are these huge groups of people who have been selflessly contributing during the time of crisis to serve the most needy in the community. Community groups, youth groups who are involved in crises, feeding the poor, cooking and sharing, they could also contribute to the development of open spaces. As vital as food and shelter, mental well-being is important for a healthy life as recommended by WHO. For such wellbeing one needs fresh air, exercise, green areas and many such facilities that can only be provided in open spaces. At times like these and always open spaces are as important for the public. Open spaces in these contexts are not big open areas but small spaces in between the communities, where people can jog at a safe distance and smile and greet each other, where people can get some fresh air, where they can create these bonding which are vital for a healthy living. Maintaining social distance as a social being is not an easy task for us but we should try to bring solutions that can maintain our safety, at the same time, bring us together as community. We could share stories by writing on walls, we could leave messages, we could do the same activities at the same time but in our own house or in the terrace, there are many we could do to stay connected and motivated. This will surely bring the missing bond among the communities.

Maybe we can share our skills and help each other in need. May be someone is good at cooking and the other is good at plumbing, may be someone can take care of the garden we have made in the community open space. Someone could make their artwork and display in the open spaces. And someone could make some play areas and children could play in turn after properly sanitizing, may be someone who plays music could give concerts from their terrace and everybody can have a party from their home. Could we do all this? How could we do all this?

The neighbours were always together, but we were so busy that we never thought spending some time with them is important. But between those quick smiles, passing by in cars, seeing the light turned on in their rooms, seeing them walk their dogs, we always shared a special bond that only the place where we live in can provide. Let’s make these places and memories ours by appreciating and creating more opportunities for such encounters and interactions.

We will thrive and we will rise again. Let’s play our roles and contribute.

Childhood – different perspectives

A normal weekday, two siblings, didi (sister) and bhai (brother), walk hand in hand amidst the crowded, chaotic and somewhat self-centred bunch of denizens. Didi probably around 7-8 years old, bhai seemed a couple of years younger. It was around 8 am and as the crowd of urban area would behave, there was a certain rush in the environment. People all dressed up for work, rushing bikes, kids in uniform and school bags, some opening their shops for business, some fetching water from the stone spouts. Older females with plates (thali) filled with offerings to deities were heading towards the temples. Some young folks in uniforms were drinking tea and complaining about the mundane. Some older lads were also in the corner shop drinking tea, reading newspapers and complaining about the country and the whole system. To my surprise, a lot of tourists with fancy cameras already in action to create memories, some to remember the place, some perhaps to remind themselves how lucky they are not to be living here. There was more your eyes could witness, there were many stories you could hear and tell. But today I want to focus on my didi and bhai couple. Amongst the ruins of temples and houses, yet to be constructed after the 2015 earthquake, patis and shattals (rest houses) with unrestful people, sound of prayer bells and vehicle horns, the white neoclassical palace also under reconstruction, lots of eateries, shops and bargains, there still seemed to exist a time that was still. It seemed that the rush each civilian beared had nothing to do with the calmness and existence of the Basantapur Durbar Square and yet they maintained a sense of harmony. Just like the two little soldiers who found their way into this flamboyant yet modest scenario.

Public space is the stage upon which the drama of a communal life unfolds.” The book Public Space. (Carr, 1992). https://www.amazon.de/Public-Space-Environment-Behavior-Stephen/dp/0521351480.

This dynamic space I believe has to remain calm on itself, as the stage remains the same, only the plays change.

Ragged loose trousers, a black polka dotted pink top, a bit shorter pale outer with orange collar and linings, a fancy colorful bag and a pair of blue ballerina shoes, didi sure looked she could carry any style with ease. Bhai was a bit arrogant in his outlook wearing a tshirt written ‘It’s all about me!’. Of course to add to the swag didi was carrying an umbrella, black in color and a little crooked.

Look! A mouse!

When I saw them the first time, they were amused looking at the ground. They were near a stone spout in one of the squares of Basantapur in Maru tole. Their journey started from there where I followed them, not stalked! What were they amused of? A small mouse! Didi had her umbrella opened though it was not raining. Didi was excited but not as much as bhai. He wanted to observe the mouse, why it was moving, why it was so small, what was it? perhaps he had a tons of questions in his mind but as a researcher with children I could recognise the curiosity in his eyes. The drive that makes you want to learn naturally without anyone forcing you to do so in a closed room, is the best teacher you could ever have. He was so engaged that didi had to hold his hand and take him away from there as if they were trying to reach somewhere and she was in a rush.

Holding hands they moved forward towards the Maru Ganesh through the narrow passage. To add to its narrowness, on both sides, there were bricks to construct new houses and ruins of old traditional houses. On the right side was the reconstruction site of Kasthamandap, which also collapsed during the 2015 earthquake. It is under reconstruction now using the traditional methods. Now didi closes her umbrella which is apparently not so easy to do. While she tries to get hold of that, bhai grasps the side of his sister’s tshirt as both her hands were busy. They meet a friend there, just exchange smiles and a bit of conversation and continue along their own path. The pulling of the tshirt was a signal that bhai was tired. The metals from the closed umbrella were dancing as the strings had come off. With that on one hand, didi carried her bhai at the back. Then they continued for a while.

Wait, let me close it first.
Crooked bond.

Along the way, they came across ground floor grocery shops, shops to buy prayer materials, street vendors who had shops literally on the path they were walking. They were selling local produce like saag (mustard leaves, spinach), spices, fruits and many things. When they were near one of the vendors place, bhai came down from his sister’s back and stopped there. Without a word, the vendor gave him one of the fruits he was selling, he took it and walked along eating it. There was no exchange of words, just the gesture. Looked like this happens everyday. How can you define this human relationship. This is so special. Then they continued and reached the Maru Ganesh. Outside there were devotees with plates full of offerings for the Ganesha. There both didi and bhai got some prasad (sweets offered to God). They also put tika (red colored blessings) on their forehead by themselves. Bhai had some sweets in his mouth, a handful in his pocket. Now they had to cross more ruins, more construction sites with bricks laying all over, wooden planks everywhere.

They are now already at the centre where all the area is paved with stone. It looks like a pedestrian prioritised area but practically it was full of vehicles. Of course they were not going very fast as there was no space and also pedestrians would be given more preference in such areas, but their noise and disturbance was felt. Among the vehicles were school vans, motorbikes, four wheel drives, taxis on standby and rickshaws. From this durbar (palace) square we were moving towards the Swetabhairava and reached the square with Pratap Malla’s statue. This square is always so interesting because of the pigeons. There are always a lot of pigeons on the ground, on top of the temple roofs and everywhere. People feed them and chase them and take a lot of photos with them. Apparently my didi was not so much impressed by this. Bhai went inside the pigeon gang and started playing as everyone else was doing. Didi just waited for him.

Bhai I think was around 4 years old. Didi may be around 7-8. It took me by surprise how bhai was interested in everything and didi was not much impressed by anything. She was more taking care of her bhai than enjoying her moments. May be she has done all that and she doesn’t enjoy it anymore, or she is more into taking care of her brother because she was asked to do so by her parents. It could be anything. But I wished she also enjoyed this moment, she also chased the birds once in a while, she also did the same as a kid of her age would do. But she just stood there waiting for her brother to come back so that they could continue their journey. Perhaps she was just being the responsible older sister. Perhaps she enjoys her time when she is free with her friends. After that they crossed the Taleju mandir (temple) and headed towards Makhan tole and disappeared from my sight.

There she goes.

Leaning towards the railings of her balcony, looking across the street view of a house inside a housing complex (a gated community), she could view many other houses same as hers and no one on the street. A car passed once in a while, while she yearned for some excitement. The housing complex was situated on the periphery of the valley, away from the chaos of the city life, well above the valley overlooking the haphazard city. You could view mountain range from here. Built to give almost a traditional look with dachi appa (Newari traditional bricks), the houses seemed to be in harmony with each other. But they lacked the basic concept of Newari architecture, the courtyards and the squares where the communal activities would take place, where children could play together while elderly could pray and share their stories. Also the streets those created opportunities for human interaction were used merely for cars. Perhaps for an eight years old girl, it was the best any parents could give in terms of physical comfort. Her toys inside her house in her playroom were waiting for her to come back. She also had a small private garden in her front yard but no one to play with. She just stays there looking, perhaps waiting for something to happen. Waiting for some stories to be made, so that she could too tell her grandchildren about all the adventures she had when she was a kid. But her life is made too perfect for that.

Let Play be Public

I have seen in Kathmandu barren pieces of lands. I have seen them being empty most of the times. Kathmandu valley has six seasons, it is the most dynamic place in terms of weather. Summer is not too hot, winter during the days are so pleasant, rainy seasons splash can make the humid air more fun, still, I do not see any kids playing outside freely. We have believed always in communal living, we understand the need to socialisation. We have understood that neighbours are the greatest assets one could possess. There is a saying also in Nepali ‘chimeki vaneko parda ko janti marda ko malami’. It simply means neighbours participate with us in our happiest moments- weddings and the saddest ones- cremation. Till this generation, we still see the connectedness, in most of the places in the city. There is some level of communication though everybody in the city is busy nowadays. We still manage to socialise by going to restaurants, meeting in shopping malls, movie theatres, guys going for futsal, ladies marching towards the spas. We are intelligent and we know how to manage our needs with the changing times.

But then, what about our kids? Do they get to fulfil their needs? Do they get enough space and time to grow? Of course, we are sending them to the best schools that we can afford to, we are buying them what they want, we are taking them also to the movies, we take them to the fun play spaces inside the malls and pay a lot for it, we buy them lots of toys which assist their cognitive development, and the list goes on.

Hold on! Stop! Please! One thing you could do best for your child is not doing anything at all. Let them just be and grow!

In this scheduled world, children are losing their freedom. And this is the most important ingredient for their wellbeing. Let them freely play, understand themselves, don’t interrupt when they have a conflict with each other, let them solve it by themselves, they are capable of doing it. Let them observe nature and understand the change that is happening in nature. Let them explore and learn by themselves. Free play is what they need every day. For this, it is very important to develop the concept of parks and play area for children where they can explore their creativity. Let the empty piece of land become their retreat. Let them engage in various activities mastered by themselves while you witness how intense their thinking can get once you let them just be.

These spaces where children find maximum freedom and play is where their creativity expands and their physical needs are fulfilled as well. These spaces not only serve the children but all the people from the area or locality can enjoy such places and we could get back the neighbourhood that once existed within us. Wherever in your neighbourhood, you find a public area, empty, try to talk to the local governing body of that area, develop them as parks and playgrounds. If you have these spaces in between your communities, children can themselves go and play there. Put some night lights there so that they feel safe and you feel comfortable letting your child play there. It is not good when you have to take your child in your car some miles away from your home so that they can play. Let their homes be their play area, let their neighbourhood be their play area.

Let them belong and let them explore! They need this to become a creative and responsible human being in the future.

Place vs Identity

I have always considered place in different scales, mainly two: a place which a person can conceive through his or her all senses, that is, be in a place, holding something, eating something, hearing, smelling and seeing as far as naked eyes can perceive.

This place is, in general, a three-dimensional object. What about a place as an identity, which you cannot see as a whole picture yet, your feelings for it defines an understanding of a place? This place is a feeling, feeling of love, hatred, identity, character. In this understanding of two types of places, all the spaces come. The range can be from a small chair or outdoor lawn to a room with equipment or a building’s corridor to a local neighbourhood, a city altogether or a unique geographical region.

A child’s place was a womb for 9 months of his life, then a small bed for 1-2 years of his life and it starts increasing in this ascending scale. Also, the understanding of place starts to change in this context. Place where you sit, sleep, place where you run and play, a place where you to go study and so on. Places where you belong to you, your neighbourhood with small colourful shop, and your city with the ancient monument or your country with the unique bird in the world. The perspective of place hence changes.